Journal Vol – 15 No -4, April 2020

Abstract:

The utilization of Information Communication Technology for learning and teaching is mandatory now a day’s for the overall development of the students as well the teachers. Research reveals that ICT is useful in developing higher order skills and increasing student’s interest in Mathematics. In this paper, the authors discussed some tools of ICT that are helpful in learning and teaching mathematics and making mathematics an interesting subject for the learners.

Keywords:

Mathematical Tools,ICT,Software,Websites,Mobile Apps,Teaching,

Refference:

References
I. Adrian Old know, Ron Taylor and Linda Tetlow, “Teaching mathematics using ICT”, Bloomsbury Publishing India private Limited, 2010.

II. Albano G., Desiderio M., “Improvements in teaching and learning using CAS”, Proceedings of the Vienna International Symposium on Integrating Technology into Mathematics Education, Viena, Austria, 2002.

III. Artigue, M., “Learning mathematics in a CAS environment”, Proceeding of CAME, http://Itsn.mathstore.ac.uk/came/events/freudenthal, 2001.

IV. Crompton, H., &Traxler, J., “Mobile learning and mathematics. Foundations, design and case studies”. Florence, KY: Routledge, 2015.

V. Harding, A., &Engelbrecht, J., “Personal learning network clusters: A comparison between mathematics and computer science students”. Journal of Educational Technology and Society, 18(3), pp. 173–184, 2015.

VI. Jenni Way and Toni Beardon, “ICT and Primary Mathematics”, Open University Press, Philadelphia, 2003.

VII. SatinderBal Gupta, Monika Gupta., “Technology and E-Learning in Higher Education”, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Vol. 29, No.4, pp. 1320-1325, 2020.

VIII. SatinderBal Gupta, Raj Kumar Yadav, Shivani., “Study of Growing Popularity of Payment Apps in India”, Test Engineering & Management, Vol. 82, pp. 16110-16119, Jan-Feb, 2020.

IX. Sue Johnston Wilder and David Pimm, “Teaching Secondary Mathematics with ICT”, McGraw Hill Education, UK, 2004.

X. White, T., & Martin, L., “Mathematics and mobile learning”. Tech Trends, 58(1), pp. 64–70, 2014.

XI. Wijers, M., Jonker, V., &Drijvers, P., “Mobile Math: exploring mathematics outside the classroom”. ZDM–TheInternational Journal on Mathematics Education, 42(7), pp. 789–799, 2010.

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Abstract:

In present paper, we give generalisation of inequalities of eby ev type involving weights for absolutely continuous functions whose derivatives belong to  (Lebesgue space), where r ≥ 1. Our results recapture many established results of different authors. Applications are also given in probability theory.

Keywords:

C ̆ebys ̆evInequality,Probability Density Function,Cumulative Density Function.,

Refference:

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak, Weighted Montgomery’s Identities for Higher Order Differentiable Functions of Two Variables, , Rev. Anal. Numer. Theor. Approx., 42 (1) (2013), 49-71

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak, Generalized Cebysev and Ky Fans Identities and Inequalities, J. Math. Inequal.,10 (1) (2016), 185-204.

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak and S. Varos ̆anec, Genral linear Inequalities and Positivity/Higher Order Convexity, Monographs in inequalities, 12, Element, Zagreb, 2017.

Asif. R. Khan and Faraz Mehmood, Double Weighted Integrals Identities of Montgomery for Differentiable Function of Higher Order, Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 15 (1) (2019), 112-121.

Asif R. Khan and FarazMehmood, Generalized Identities and Inequalities of C ̆ebys ̆ev and Ky Fan for ∇-convex function, Submitted.

B. G. Pachpatte, On Trapezoid and Gru ̈ss like integral inequalities, Tamkang J. Math., 34(4) (2003) 365-369.

B. G. Pachpatte, On Ostrowski-Gru ̈ss-C ̆ebys ̆ev type inequalities for functions whose modulus of derivatives are convex, J. Inequal. Pure and Appl. Math., 6(4) (2005). Art. 128.

B. G. Pachpatte, On C ̆ebys ̆ev type inequalities involving functions whose derivatives belong to Lp spaces, J. Inequal. Pure Appl. Math., 7(2) (2006). Art. 58.

D. S. Mitrinovic ́, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́ and A. M. Fink, Classical and new inequalities in analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht, 1993.

FarazMehmood, On Functions WithNondecreasing Increments, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, 2019.

FizaZafar, Some generalizations of Ostrowski inequalities and their applications to numerical integration and special means, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, 2010.

H. P. Heining and L. Maligranda, C ̆ebys ̆ev inequality in function spaces, Real Analysis Exchange, 17 (1991-1992) 211-247.

J. Pec ̆aric ́, F. Proschan and Y. L. Tong, Convex functions, partial orderings, and statistical applications, Mathematics in science and engineering, vol. 187, Academic Press, 1992.

P. Cerone, OnC ̆ebys ̆ev Functional Bounds, Proceedings of the Conference on Differential and Difference Equations and Applications, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 267-277.

P. L. C ̆ebys ̆ev, Sur les expressions approximatives des integrales par les auters prises entre les memes limites, Proc. Math. Soc. Charkov, 2 (1882) 93-98.

S. S. Dragomir, Th. M. Rassias (Editors). Ostrowski Type Inequalities and Applications in Numerical Integration. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London 2002.

Zheng Liu, Generalizations of some new C ̆ebys ̆evtype inequalities, J. Inequal. Pure Appl. Math, 8(1) (2007). Art. 13.

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Abstract:

A numerical study to investigate the behaviour and impact of different inner ‎tube geometric shapes on the thermal performance of the latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit have been done. Current work includes a horizontal concentric shell filling with paraffin wax as phase change material (PCM). The tested inner tube geometric shapes were circular tube, horizontal elliptical tube, and vertical elliptical tube. Finite-volume method with a single-domain enthalpy method have been used for the simulation. The results showed that the circular tube is the best due to keeping absorbing heat from PCM through HTF for a long time with 66.37% efficiency and 240.5 minutes.

Keywords:

Energy storage,solidification,Shell and tube,Natural convection,PCM,

Refference:

I. Agarwal, Ashish, and R. M. Sarviya. 2016. “An Experimental Investigation of Shell and Tube Latent Heat Storage for Solar Dryer Using Paraffin Wax as Heat Storage Material.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 19 (1): 619–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2015.09.014.

II. Al-Abidi, Abduljalil A., Sohif Bin Mat, K. Sopian, M. Y. Sulaiman, and Abdulrahman Th Mohammed. 2013. “CFD Applications for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage: A Review.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 20: 353–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.079.

III. Avci, Mete, and M. Yusuf Yazici. 2013. “Experimental Study of Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics of a Paraffin in a Horizontal Tube-in-Shell Storage Unit.” Energy Conversion and Management 73: 271–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.04.030.

IV. Esapour, M., M. J. Hosseini, A. A. Ranjbar, Y. Pahamli, and R. Bahrampoury. 2016. “Phase Change in Multi-Tube Heat Exchangers.” Renewable Energy 85: 1017–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.063.

V. Hosseini, M. J., M. Rahimi, and R. Bahrampoury. 2014. “Experimental and Computational Evolution of a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger as a PCM Thermal Storage System.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 50: 128–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2013.11.008.

VI. Hosseini, M. J., A. A. Ranjbar, K. Sedighi, and M. Rahimi. 2012. “A Combined Experimental and Computational Study on the Melting Behavior of a Medium Temperature Phase Change Storage Material inside Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 39 (9): 1416–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2012.07.028.

VII. Jesumathy, S. P., M. Udayakumar, S. Suresh, and S. Jegadheeswaran. 2014. “An Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Paraffin Wax in Horizontal Double Pipe Heat Latent Heat Storage Unit.” Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 45 (4): 1298–1306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.03.007.

VIII. Kibria, M. A., M. R. Anisur, M. H. Mahfuz, R. Saidur, and I. H.S.C. Metselaar. 2014. “Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage System.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 53: 71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.02.023.

IX. Longeon, Martin, Adèle Soupart, Jean François Fourmigué, Arnaud Bruch, and Philippe Marty. 2013. “Experimental and Numerical Study of Annular PCM Storage in the Presence of Natural Convection.” Applied Energy 112: 175–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.007.

X. Mahdi, Mustafa S., Hameed B. Mahood, Ahmed F. Hasan, Anees A. Khadom, and Alasdair N. Campbell. 2019. “Numerical Study on the Effect of the Location of the Phase Change Material in a Concentric Double Pipe Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Unit.” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 11: 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2019.03.007.

XI. Rathod, M. K., and J. Banerjee. 2014. “Experimental Investigations on Latent Heat Storage Unit Using Paraffin Wax as Phase Change Material.” Experimental Heat Transfer 27 (1): 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/08916152.2012.719065.

XII. Seddegh, Saeid, Xiaolin Wang, and Alan D. Henderson. 2016. “A Comparative Study of Thermal Behaviour of a Horizontal and Vertical Shell-and-Tube Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials.” Applied Thermal Engineering 93: 348–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.107.

XIII. Senthil, Ramalingam, and Marimuthu Cheralathan. 2016. “Melting and Solidification of Paraffin Wax in a Concentric Tube PCM Storage for Solar Thermal Collector.” International Journal of Chemical 14 (4): 2634–40. http://www.tsijournals.com/abstract/melting-and-solidification-of-paraffin-wax-in-a-concentric-tube-pcm-storage-for-solar-thermal-collector-12762.html.

XIV. Yazici, Mustafa Yusuf, Mete Avci, Orhan Aydin, and Mithat Akgun. 2014. “On the Effect of Eccentricity of a Horizontal Tube-in-Shell Storage Unit on Solidification of a PCM.” Applied Thermal Engineering 64 (1–2): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.12.005.

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Abstract:

The most incredible inventions in concrete is Self-Compacting Concrete, i.e. concrete will flow by its own weight.  Self-compacting concrete can be achieved by high powder content and with combination of different mineral admixtures or secondary supplementary cementetious materials, high range water reducing super plasticizers and the performance of concrete will also enhanced. All above mentioned qualities make Self-compacting concrete as Special concrete. The more research works were going on to get the generalized mix code for SCC and effect of each ingredient of concrete also examine for SCC.   In the present study, the effect super plasticize dosage and binder content on properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) had been studied. As a part of experimental study, the mix design was developed based on EFNARC guidelines.  The SCC mixes were made with different proportion of binder content (450, 500, 550) at various dosages of super plasticize. Slump flow, V-funnel, l-box and J-ring tests were conducted for checking the properties of SCC.  3-days, 7-days, 28-days UPV test was conducted. The experimental results reveal that at higher binder content, at lower dosage, SCC was formed. The strength was achieved M45, M60 with 500 and 550 grades of cement respectively.

Keywords:

Self-compacting concrete,binder content,Super plasticizer dosage,mix design,

Refference:

I. B.Łaz´niewska-Piekarczyk, “The influence of chemical admixtures on cement hydration and mixture properties of very high performance self-compacting concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, Dec. 2013.

II. B. Beeralingegowda and V. D. Gundakalle, “The effect of addition ofLimestone powder on the Properties of self-compactingConcrete”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 2, no. 9, Sep. 2013.

III. B. G. Patel, A. K. Desai and S. G. Shah, “Effect of Binder Volume on Fresh and Harden Properties of Self Compacting Concrete”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 4, no. 09, Sept. 2015.
IV. H. Omkura and M.Ouchi, “Self-compacting concrete”, journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, vol. 1, no.1, pp. 5-15, Apr. 2003.
V. L.O Larsen and V.V. Naruts, “Self-compacting concrete with limestone powder for transport infrastructure”, Magazine of Civil Engineering, vol. 68, no. 8, pp. 76-85, 2016.
VI. M. A.Sikandar, Z.Baloch and Q. Jamal, “Effect of w/b ratio and binder content on the properties of self-compacting high-performance concrete (SCHPC)”, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, vo. 6, no. 1, pp. 40-48, Jan. 2018.
VII. P.Aggarwal, R.Siddique, Y.Aggarwal and S. M. Gupta, “Self-Compacting Concrete – Procedure for Mix Design”, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, no. 12, Jan-Jun 2008, pp. 15-24.
VIII. P. D Viramgama, Prof. S. R. Vaniya and Prof. Dr. K.B.Parikh, “Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder in Self Compacting Concrete Properties: A Critical Review”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1 Ver. V, Jan. – Feb. 2016.
IX. S.Grzeszczyk and P.Podkowa, “The Effect of Limestone Filler on the Properties of Self Compacting Concrete”, Annual Transactions of The Nordic Rheology Society, vol. 17, 2009.

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Abstract:

 An additive mapping γ : S → S is  α − centralizer, if γ(xy) = γ(x)α(y) where α is an endomorphism on S, holds  for all x, y ∈ S. In this article, we discuss some functional identities on additive mapping γ : S → S  on a semiring S, which makes it α-centralizer. Further, we investigate some conditions on α – centralizers which enforces commutativity in semirings.  

Keywords:

Semirings,centralizers ,α– centralizer.,

Refference:

I. B. Zalar, On centralizers of semiprime rings, Comment. Math. Univ. Carol. 32 (1991), 609614.
II. H. J. Bandlet and M. Petrich, Subdirect products of rings and distrbutive lattices, Proc. Edin Math. Soc. 25 (1982), 135171.
III. I. N. Herstein, Jordan derivations of prime rings, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 8 (1957), 11041119.
IV. J. Vukman, Centralizer on semiprime rings, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae, Vol 42(2001), pp 237-245.
V. J. Vukman, An identity related to centralizer in semiprime rings. Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae, Vol 40 (1999) pp 447-456
VI. K. Glazek, A Guide to Literature on Semirings and their Applications in Mathematics and Information Sciences with Complete Bibliography, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dodrecht, 2002.
VII. M.A Javed, M. Aslam and M. Hussain, On condition (A2) of Bandlet and Petrich for inverse semirings, International Mathematical forum, vol 7(2012), no.59, 2903-2914.
VIII. M. Bresar, Zalar B., On the structure of jordan *-derivations, Colloquium Math. (1992), 163-171.
IX. M. Bresar and J. Vukman, Jordan derivations on prime rings, Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. 37 (1988), 321322.
X. M. Bresar, Jordan derivations on semiprime rings, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 104 (1988), 10031006.
XI. P.H. Karvellas, Inversive semirings, J. Austral. Math. Soc. 18 (1974), 277-288
XII. P. Kostolnyi, F. Mi sn, Alternating weighted automata over commutative semirings, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 740 (2018), 127.
XIII. S. Ali, N. A. Dar and J. Vukman, jordan left centralizers of prime and semiprime rngs with involution, Beitr. Algebra. Geom. 54 (2) (2013), 609-624.
XIV. S. Sara, M. Aslam, M.A Javed, On centralizer of Semiprime inverse semirings, Discussiones Mathematicae, General Algebra and Applica- tions 36 (2016) 71-84
XV. U. Hebisch, H. J.Weinert, Semirings: Algebraic Theory and Applica- tions in the Computer Science, World Scientific, 1998.
XVI. V.N. Kolokoltsov, V. Maslov, Idempotent Analysis and Applications, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997.
XVII. V. Maslov, S.N. Sambourskii, Idempotent Analysis, Advances Soviet Math. 13, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 199

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Abstract:

Statistical analysis is a qualitative research used to quantify data adapting a statistical tool. The present study is to device a time dependent non-parametric mathematical model to analyze the spread of COVID-19 in INDIA based on the statistics available. As the medicine to treat COVID-19 is not invented yet, the best possible way to break the chain of spreading virus is, “Personal Hygiene and Social Distancing”.

Keywords:

COVID-19,Statistical analysis,Non-parametric analysis,

Refference:

I. www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
II. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html (accessed on 26-03-2020)
III. Y. Liu, A. A. Gayle, A. Wilder-Smith, J. Rocklöv, “The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus”, J Travel Med, 27(2), 2020.
IV. www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
V. www.who.int/docs/default-source/wrindia/situation-report/india-situation-report-8bc9aca340f91408b9efbedb3917565fc.pdf?sfvrsn=5e0b8a43_2 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
VI. www.covid19india.org/ (accessed on 26-03-2020)
VII. Z. Ali, S. Balabhaskar, “Basic statistical tools in research and data analysis”, Indian J Anaesth, 60(9), 662–669, 2016
VIII. D.G. Altman, J. M. Bland, “Parametric v non-parametric methods for data analysis”,. BMJ 338, 3167-3173, 2009

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Abstract:

Voltage instability is one of the major problems in the transmission line system it causes due to the dynamic load pattern and increasing load demand. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices are used to maintain the voltage instability by controlling real and reactive power through the system. In transmission line system, the location and size of the FACTS devices are an important consideration to offer perfect real power flow in the bus system. In this paper, an optimal placement and sizing of the FACTS devices are carried out by combining the Kinetic Gas Molecular Optimization (KGMO) and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). There are three different FACTS devices are used in this research, such as Static VAR compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) and Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC). The objective functions considered for the proposed hybrid KGMO-GWO method are installation cost, Total Voltage Deviation (TVD), Line Loading (LL) and real power loss. Moreover, the optimal placement using the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is validated using IEEE 30 bus system. The performance of the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is analyzed by means of TVD, power loss, installation cost and line loading. Additionally, the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is compared with two existing technique named as QOCRO and hybrid KGMO-PSO. The TVD of the hybrid KGMO-GWO is 0.1007 p.u., it is less when compared to the QOCRO and hybrid KGMO-PSO.

Keywords:

Flexible AC Transmission Systems,Grey Wolf Optimization,Kinetic Gas Molecular Optimization,Static VAR Compensator,Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator,Unified Power Flow Controllers,

Refference:

I. Agrawal, R., Bharadwaj, S.K. and Kothari, D.P., “Population based evolutionary optimization techniques for optimal allocation and sizing of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor”, Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, pp: 484-501,2018.
II. Balamurugan, K., Muralisachithanandam, R. and Dharmalingam, V., “Performance comparison of evolutionary programming and differential evolution approaches for social welfare maximization by placement of multi type FACTS devices in pool electricity market”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 67, pp: 517-528, 2015.
III. Canbing, L.I., Liwu, X.I.A.O., Yijia, C.A.O., Qianlong, Z.H.U., Baling, F.A.N.G., Yi, T.A.N. and Long, Z.E.N.G., “Optimal allocation of multi-type FACTS devices in power systems based on power flow entropy,” Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, vol. 2, pp: 173-180, 2014.
IV. Sen, D., Ghatak, S.R. and Acharjee, P., “Optimal allocation of static VAR compensator by a hybrid algorithm”, Energy Systems, vol. 10, pp: 677-719, 2019.
V. Dash, S.P., Subhashini, K.R. and Satapathy, J.K., “Optimal location and parametric settings of FACTS devices based on JAYA blended moth flame optimization for transmission loss minimization in power systems. Microsystem Technologies, pp: 1-10, 2019.
VI. Dutta, S., Paul, S. and Roy, P.K., “Optimal allocation of SVC and TCSC using quasi-oppositional chemical reaction optimization for solving multi-objective ORPD problem,” Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, pp: 83-98, 2018.
VII. Ersavas, C. and Karatepe, E., “Optimum allocation of FACTS devices under load uncertainty based on penalty functions with genetic algorithm”, Electrical Engineering, VOL. 99, pp: 73-84, 2017.
VIII. Gitizadeh, M., Khalilnezhad, H. and Hedayatzadeh, R., “TCSC allocation in power systems considering switching loss using MOABC algorithm”, Electrical Engineering, vol. 95, pp: 73-85, 2013.
IX. Ghahremani, E. and Kamwa, I., “Optimal placement of multiple-type FACTS devices to maximize power system loadability using a generic graphical user interface,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 28, pp.764-778, 2012.
X. Hemachandra Reddy K, P. Ram Kishore Kumar Reddy and V. Ganesh, “Optimal Allocation of Multiple Facts Devices with Hybrid Techniques for Improving Voltage Stability”, International Journal on Emerging Technologies,vol. 10,pp. 76-84, 2019.
XI. Mondal, D., Chakrabarti, A. and Sengupta, A., “Optimal placement and parameter setting of SVC and TCSC using PSO to mitigate small signal stability proble,”. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 42, pp: 334-340,2012.
XII. Kavitha, K. and Neela, R. “Optimal allocation of multi-type FACTS devices and its effect in enhancing system security using BBO, WIPSO & PSO,” Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, , pp.777-793, 2018.
XIII. Panda, S., Patil R. N., “Location of Shunt FACTS Controllers for Transient Stability Improvement Employing Genetic Algorithm”, Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 135, pp: 189-203, 2007.
XIV. Packiasudha, M., Suja, S. and Jerome, J., “A new Cumulative Gravitational Search algorithm for optimal placement of FACT device to minimize system loss in the deregulated electrical power environment”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 84, pp: 34-46,2017.
XV. Rahimzadeh, and Bina, M.T. “Looking for optimal number and placement of FACTS devices to manage the transmission congestion,” Energy conversion and management, vol. 52, pp.437-446,2011.
XVI. Safari, A., Bagheri, M. and Shayeghi, H., “Optimal setting and placement of FACTS devices using strength Pareto multi-objective evolutionary algorithm” Journal of Central South University, vol. 24, p: 829-839, 2017.

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Abstract:

This paper studies the effect of changing layers arrangement of composite materials (four samples consisting of 8 layers with a change in the arrangement of  layers and composite materials were used glass fibers, carbon fibers and perlon with lamina matrix) on the mechanical properties (yield stress, ultimate stress, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio) of the prosthetic below knee socket (BK) by using tensile test device. Also, calculate the (S-N) curves for these samples by using bending fatigue test device to calculate the fatigue life.       The pressure distribution between the (BK)socket and the residual lower limb using pressure sensor and the information on gait cycle was by using force plate on the case study patient with (BK) amputation.       The solid work program to drawn the socket and ANSYS workbench 14.5 was used to analyze and evaluate the fatigue characteristic by observing the maximum stress, total deformation and safety factor.       The results show that the yield stress in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased about 18 %, 95%, and 91% respectively more than the standard sample1. While the ultimate stress in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased 32%, 89%, and 68% respectively more than the standard sample1, the Young's modulus in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased about 5%, 18%, and 12% respectively more than the standard sample1, the Poisson's ratio is increased about 3%, 6%, and 7% respectively more than the standard sample1, and the fatigue life is increased about 23%, 73% and 29% in the samples 2, 3 and 4  respectively more than the standard sample 1.

Keywords:

Composite materials,mechanical properties,fatigue life,below knee socket,

Refference:

I. A. P. Irawan, I. Wayan S, “Tensile and Impact Strength of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite as Alternative Materials for above Prosthetic Socket”, International Conference on Sustainable Technology Development, Vol. 2, pp. 109-115, 2012.
II. A. Adawiya .Hamzah, “Vibrational Behavior of Three Floors Structure Equipped with Dampers”, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering , Vol.17, No.04, 2017.
III. D .Popovic, T .Sinkjaer, “Control of Movement for the Physically Disabled”, Springer Verlag London, 2000.
IV. H. MajidFaidh-Allah, Mahmood W. Saeed and Adawiya A. Hamzah, “Experimental and Numerical Study the Effect of Materials Changing on Behavior of Dental Bur (Straight Fissure) under Static Stress Analysis” Innovative Systems Design and Engineering , Vol.6, No.2, 2015.
V. H .Majid. Faidh-Allah, Zainab A. Abdul Khalik, “Experimental and Numerical Stress Analysis of Involute Splined Shaft”, Journal of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Vol.18 , No.4 , 2012.
VI. H. SaleelAbood, Majid H. Faidh-Allah, “Analysis of Prosthetic Running Plate of Limb Using Different Composite Materials”, Journal of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Vol.25, No.12, pp.15-25, 2019.
VII. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, Adawiya A. Hamzah, “Vibration Analysis of Aircraft Wing under Gust Load”, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol.14, No.11, pp.3571-3574, 2019.
VIII. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, “Study the Steady-State and Dynamic Problems of the Rotating Blades”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Vol.9, No.10, pp.548-558, 2018.
IX. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, “The Temperature Distribution in Friction Clutch Disc under Successive Engagements”, Tribology in Industry, Vol.40, No.1, pp.92-99, 2018.
X. Hamill, J. and Knutzen, K., “Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement”, 2nd edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.
XI. K Sethi, P., “Technological Choices in Prosthetics and Orthotics for Developing Countries”, Prosthetic and Orthotics International ,Vol.13, pp.117-124,1989.
XII. Karen Junius, TomVerstraten, “Design of an Actuated Orthosis for Support of the Sound Leg of TransfemoralDysvascular Amputees”, Master Thesis in Department of Mechanical Engineering Vrije Universities Brussel Academic year: 2011 – 2012.
XIII. M. J. Jweeg , S. S. Hasan and J. S. Chiad , “Effects of Lamination Layers on the Mechanical Properties for above Knee Prosthetic Socket”, Eng. & Tech. Journal,Vol.27, No.4, 2009.
XIV. M .MuhammedA., “Experimental Investigation of Tensile and Fatigue Stresses for Orthotic / Prosthetic Composite Materials with Varying Fiber (Perlon, E-Glass and Carbon)”. Arpn Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 21, November 2016.
XV. Standard, A. S. T. M. (2003), “Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”, ASTM International. Designation: D, 638, 1-13.
XVI. T. Mustafa Ismail ,Muhsin J. Jweeg and Kadhim K. Resan, “Study of Creep- Fatigue Interaction in the Prosthetic Socket below Knee”, Innovative Systems Design and Engineering , Vol.4, No.5, 2013.

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Abstract:

The incidences of diseases (morbidities) vary across geographic areas. Spatial statistical analysis concerning spread  and  direction  is useful to study  such diseases in the neighborhood. This helps the health provenance for reducing this disease and control spatially it. Many spatial interpolations have employed for predicting the risky diseases based on observed values. In this paper, two methods of the spatial interpolation have studied based on unmeasured values from the same characteristic of spatial data, area-to-point kriging and topological kriging. These methods exploit variogram structure to predict the unmeasured values, then they fit this variogram by one of the parametric variograms. The de-regularization or deconvolution method is iterative and search model of area that reduces the variation between the theoretical semivariogram model and the fitted model for irregular area data. However, it is an approximate method for different regions based on the concept of average distance between irregular areas. Then, area to point kriging method has used using back calculation for approximated irregular areas in topological kriging (top kriging) .The prediction results for top kriging is better than other method. Disease krige map explaining the embedding risk of effective disease from observed frequencies are summarizes and their performances have compared .The goal of this paper is  mapping and exploring the spatial variation and hot spots of district- level disease cases in Iraq country

Keywords:

Geostatistics ,Deconvolution,Change the support,Interpolatio,

Refference:

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Abstract:

This paper study the effect of Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) type on the thermal effeicncy  of Integrated Solar Combined Power Plant. The aim of this work is to improve thermal effeicncy of Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System (ISCCS). In this plant, recovery the largest possible amount of thermal energy in flue gases of gas power plants, to produce steam, and adopting solar energy to produce hot water. The efficiency of Solar Integrated Steam Power Plant can be increased from 40%  for case A to 50% for case B, due to increased  the aviable heat of HRSG from 168.27 MW to306 MW. Also, thermal environmental pollution can reduced  from 148.36 ℃ to 68.97 ℃.

Keywords:

Heat Recovery Steam Generator,Solar Energy,Integrated Solar Combined Power Plant,

Refference:

I. AL-Zafaraniyah Gas Power Plant / Baghdad, Iraq.
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