Authors:
Irina I. Kosinova,Svetlana I. Fonova,Gennadii V. Zibrov,Vadim P. Zakusilov,DOI NO:
https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00006Keywords:
Heavy metals (HM),aerosol pollution,roadside area.,Abstract
The urgency of the problem under consideration in modern conditions is determined by the leading influence of road transport in polluting the components of the surrounding environment. Previous scientific developments focus mainly on the assessment of the effect of gaseous emissions; an estimate of the intensity of heavy metal contamination in the form of aerosols is practically absent. The article is aimed at developing a method for assessing the contamination of roadside areas with heavy metals contained in emissions and waste from moving vehicles. The leading method in the study of this problem was the mathematical model and methodology for estimating the aerosol contamination of the atmosphere by heavy metals on the basis of experimental studies of atmospheric pollution and pollution of soils at 240 locations along the profiles on the M-4 autoroute. The total number of samples analyzed was 840 units. The mathematical model took into account the meteorological indicators and the integral indicator of soil contamination atthe depth of 1m. It was revealed that the main pollution is observed at a distance of up to 10 m from the roadway edge, which confirms the developed model and methodology. Copper, lead, zinc, and cadmium were singled out as the main pollutants.The scale of the index of environmental risk categories based on the specified total contamination index of the roadside area was developed. Based on the research results it was recommended to locate economic activities at distances more than 25 m from the roadway edge. The materials of the article can be useful for scientists in the field of environmental protection, as well as for environmental organizations that make decisions on the feasibility of practical and economic development of first-order highway roadside areasRefference:
I. Avtsin, A.P. Microelementoses of man: etiology, classification, organopathology [Mikroelementozycheloveka: etiologiya, klassifikatsiya, organopatologiya]/A.P. Avtsin, A.A. Zhavoronkov, M.A. Rish, L.S. Strochkova. – Moscow: Meditsina, 1991. – 496 p.
II. Barratt R.S Cadmium in urban atmospheres. Sci Tot Environ 72: 1988. 211–215.
III. Bazarskiy O.V., Kosinova I.I., Fonova S.I. Contamination of roadside soils // Materials оf the international. Research and practice conference, Munich, Germany, 2015.,Vol.I. P. 30-33.
IV. Bezuglaya, E.Yu. Meteorological potential and climatic features of urban air pollution [Meteorologicheskiypotentsial i klimaticheskiyeosobennostizagryazneniyavozdukhagorodov]/ E. Yu. Bezuglaya. – Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1980. – 184 p.
V. Boni C, Caruso E, Cereda E, Lombardo G, Braga Marcazzan GM, Redaelli P (1988) Particulate matter elemental characterization in urban areas: Pollution and source identification. J AerosSci 19 (7): 1271–1274.
VI. Budarina V.A. Methodology and legal justification of the structure of the location of specially protected natural areas [Metodologiya i pravovoyeobosnovaniyestrukturyrazmeshcheniyaosobookhranyayemykhprirodnykhterritoriy]/Budarina V.A., Kosinova I.I., Popov V.I., YakovlevYu.V. // Russian Ecological Academy. Voronezh, 2015. – 224 p.
VII. Dallinger R, Prosi F (1988) Heavy metals in the terrestrial isopod PorcellioscaberLatreille. II. Subcellular fractionation of metal accumulating lysosomes from hepatopancreas. Cell BiolToxicol 4 (1): 97–109.
VIII. Fonova S.I. Investigation of heavy metal contamination of the surface layer of soil in the roadside area of the M-4 motorway in the Voronezh Region [Issledovaniyezagryazneniyatyazhelymimetallamipoverkhnostnogosloyapochvypridorozhnoyterritoriiavtodorogi M-4 v Voronezhskoyoblasti]/ S.I. Fonova, I.I. Kosinova // The Eurasian Union of Scientists, Moscow, 2015.
IX. Godzik B. Accumulation of heavy metals in Biscutellalaevigata (Cruciferae) as a function of their concentration in substrate || Pol. Bot. Stud. 1991. Vol. 2. P. 241-246.
X. Human ecology and preventive medicine [Ekologiyacheloveka i profilakticheskayameditsina]/ I.B. Ushakov, P.S. Turzin, N.A. Agadzhanyan, V.I. Popov, M.I. Chubirko, A.S. Faustov. – Voronezh: Voronezh, 2001 – 488 p.
XI. Ilyash, V.V. Functional zoning of territories in ecological-geological studies (on the example of the Sitov site of the Sokolsky-Sitovskoe limestone deposit) [Funktsional’noyezonirovaniyeterritoriypriekologo-geologicheskikhissledovaniyakh (naprimereSitovskogouchastkaSokol’sko-Sitovskogomestorozhdeniyaizvestnyakov)]/V.V. Ilyash, N.V. Krutskikh, A.A. Sakharova, N.I. Sambulov // Bulletin of Voronezh University. – 2002. – No.1. – P. 248-253.
XII. Kavtaradze D.N., Nikolaeva L.F., Porshneva E.B., Frolova N.B. Roads in ecological systems (problems of interaction) [Avtomobilnyyedorogi v ekologicheskikhsistemakh (problemyvzaimodeystviya)] / D.N. Kavtaradze, L.F. Nikolaeva, E.B. Porshneva, N.B. Frolova. – Moscow: CheRo, 1999. – 240 p.
XIII. Kosinova I.I. Role of sandy-argillaceous and carbonate rocks of the Voronezh Region in the development of exogenous processes [Rol’ peschano-glinistykh i karbonatnykhporodVoronezhskoyoblasti v razvitiiiekzogennykhprotsessov]/Kosinova I.I., Budarina V.A., Sokolova T.V., Petrunovsky V.V. Problems of regional ecology. 2013. No. 1. P. 40-45
XIV. Kosinova I.I., Fonova S.I. Investigation of HM contamination of the surface layer of the roadside area of the M-4 motorway in the Voronezh Region [Issledovaniyezagryazneniyatyazhelymimetallamipoverkhnostnogosloyapochvypridorozhnoyterritoriiavtodorogi M-4 v Voronezhskoyoblasti]/ I.I. Kosinova, S. I. Fonova// SERGEYEV READINGS. Engineering-geological and geo-ecological problems of urban agglomerations // Materials of the annual session of the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the problems of geo-ecology, engineering geology and hydrogeology. – 2015. – P.418-422.
XV. Kosinova I.I., Fonova S.I. Mathematical model of the spatial distribution of pollutants from low automobile emissions[Matematicheskaya model prostranstvennogoraspredeleniyazagryaznyayushchikhveshchestvotnizkikhavtomobilnykhvybrosov]/I.I. Kosinova, S.I. Fonova // Perspectives of development of engineering surveys in construction in the Russian Federation: materials of the 10th Russian. Conf., 6 December, 2014 – Moscow, 2014. – P.124-128.
XVI. Lisk D.J. Trace metals in soils, plant and animals // Adv. Adron. 1972. Vol. 24. P.267-325
XVII. Marchuk, G.I. Mathematical modeling in the problem of environmental protection [Matematicheskoyemodelirovaniye v problemeokhranyokruzhayushcheysredy]. – Moscow: Nauka, 1982. – 320 p.
XVIII. Methodology for calculation of pollutant emissions by engines of civil aviation aircraft [Metodikaraschetavybrosovzagryaznyayushchikhveshchestvdvigatelyamivozdushnykhsudovgrazhdanskoyaviatsii]. Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation FSUE. Moscow, 2007.
XIX. Nazarov A.G. Modern migration of heavy metals in the biosphere [Sovremennayamigratsiyatyazhelykhmetallov v biosfere]/ – Moscow: RSTI Tsentr, 1980.-188p.
XX. Nemchinov M.V. Ecological problems of construction and operation of highways [Ekologicheskiyeproblemystroitelstva i ekspluatatsiiavtomobilnykhdorog.]/ M.V. Nemchinov, S.S. Shaburov, V.K. Pashkin – M.: Irkutsk, 1997. Part 1. 231 p.
XXI. Podolsky V.P. Road pollution of roadside territories [Avtotransportnoyezagryazneniyepridorozhnykhterritoriy]/ Podolsky V.P., Artyukhov V.G., Turbin V.S., Kanishchev A.N. Voronezh: Voronezh State University, 1999. 261 p.
XXII. Supervisory Activity Department-86. Method for calculating the air concentrations of harmful substances from the emissions of enterprises [Metodikaraschetakontsentratsiy v atmosfernomvozdukhevrednykhveshchestv, soderzhashchikhsya v vybrosakhpredpriyatiy.] State Committee of the USSR on hydrometeorology and environmental control (Goskomgidromet). Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1987.
XXIII. Trofimov, VT Theoretical aspects of soil science [Teoreticheskiyeaspektygruntovedeniya]/ V.T. Trofimov .Moscow: MSU, 2003.-113 p.
XXIV. Tsunokawa K., Hoban Ch. Roads and the environment: a handbook // World Bank Technical Paper № 376. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1997. 217 p.
View | Download